Package tests

A COMPLETE SET OF TESTS THAT CHECK: • Urine pH — acidity or alkalinity of urine • Protein — presence of proteins like albumin in urine (proteinuria) • Glucose — whether sugar is filtered into urine (glycosuria) • Ketones — by-products of fat metabolism (ketonuria) • Nitrites — indication of bacterial conversion (often UTI) • Bilirubin — conjugated bilirubin in urine (bilirubinuria) • Urobilinogen — breakdown product of bilirubin, normally low levels • Blood — presence of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or myoglobin • Specific Gravity (SG) — concentration of urine, ability to dilute or concentrate WHAT THIS TEST SUITE REVEALS: • How well the kidneys are functioning in filtering and reabsorbing substances • Evidence of kidney damage, glomerular or tubular injury (if protein, blood appear) • Possible diabetes or hyperglycemia (if glucose appears) • Fat metabolism status and ketosis (if ketones appear) • Urinary tract infection or bacteriuria (nitrites positive) • Liver disease or bile duct obstruction (bilirubin in urine) • Hemolysis or increased red-cell breakdown (increased urobilinogen, blood in urine) • Hydration status and kidney concentrating ability (via specific gravity) • Early detection of systemic diseases affecting kidney, liver, or metabolic balance

Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio

Assessment of immunity, diagnosis of infection